Sketching means



Nov. 4 19z4. 1,514,29

J. w. MccALLUM SKETCHING MEANS Filed April 26. 1921 2 Shoots-Shut 1 Patented N ov. 4, 1924.

JOHN vvrtnenl MCCALLUM, en MABEEBA, IQUEEN'SLAND, -AS'TRALIA App-neamnfflned April 12e, 1921; ff seriali No4ee'7e3.

yentlf a bese Vplate 'onsupportin -fbodfinient'seen inl Figuresl 1 to't 3' foldedl'for VFi'gui-elis ad part seetionztl plan of Itlit embodiment of thelfinvention in'oe suitable for 'landscape and perspective sketching.

l lil'ignre' 1s e partseetional side elevation OFigure 5 f f Figure T isat partfseetionalfront elevation fFigure (i.

lendsioffvv'l eli) beer fiipon tlie-ltet and providefor nlzr fdjs'tinent between V'the 'bese' filete 7ifrnd'itln'tiiintlelele. Formedin -tlne outer.endofftliefleesel*plate is'an open ni'outlied"sl'ot,`findiezitedt 9.

VUpst ndingrem/"the b'se".-`plate 7 is kzt "standard er l'orik'etf'lOfliii/ing afp'lu'rztlitybt `ribs l'. Upst-rfdii'giroinv tl'ie standard "IO, in line with the vertical exis oftlie tiie'odolite liet'd,r is eltii'in'pin l2-npf'nvvhiel1 is mounted e i'tetz'illeeye-pieee support. This coinprisese loWei" 'nrei'nberl 'to'Y Wliie'li is 'se cured,` lay-"zt l liinge' i 14, un opper member l5 Carrying an eyepiece or upright" 16" in which is'iforined va `liinited observation opening, ep `ror siglit'lileg'- indicated et 17. Passing through/'the lower ineinbernay be aisnit- 'alo'ledookingpin X8 byWhiC-hthe eye piece support may be retainedvin fixed' Aposition ivitliA regard ftothe*standardv5 l0 if necessary. K Reinovably seeiired totlie baseplate 7 'by ngerlsere'ws '19 'or the like, are tl1e"inn'e1 ends ff'ldiverstztysf'QO the outerV ends of tvhieli are 'seeured by* finger screws 2l' or the like to the lower naembervl22-fe `holding frame. 'l'l'ie` 'enter edge of Etlie:"rnen'iloe'r 22 is Curved es shown Depending "from tlie member 22 is a clamping screw or stud 23 accommodated in the slot 9 of the base plate 7.

Secured by hinges 24 to the lower member 22 at each end thereof, is the lower end of a lower side section 25 of the frame. Secured to the upper end of each lower section 25, by intermediate hinges 26, is the lower end of an upper side section 27. Carried by the upper end of each section 27 are upper hinges 2S to which is secured an upper member 29 of the holding frame. The outer edge of the upper member 29 is curved to correspond with the conformation of the lower member 22.

Carried by each lower section 25 is a retaining arm 30 having a pivoted clip 31 adapted to engage the relative upper section 27. Carried by the upper member 29 of the holding frame, adjacent each side thereof, is a pivot pin 32. Pivoted to each pin 32 is the upper end of an upper stay 33, the lower end of which is removably retained to the standard 10 by the finger screws 34lor the like.

Pivotally mounted at each end of each of the members 22 and 29 is a strap 35. Each strap 35 forms a socket. Outstanding from each end of each of the Imembers 22 and 29 and adjoining each socket is a holding pin 36.

Disposed between the upper and lower members 22 and 29 is a flexible transparent drawingsheet or surface 37 having secured at each of its corners a flexible loop 38 of cord or the like. The sheet is preferably formed of celluloid. Each loop 38 engages a holding pin 36 to temporarily retain the sheet 37 against the curved outer edges of the members 22 and 29. Marked upon the sheet 37 is a horizontal line indicated at 39 and a vertical line indicated at 40. The lines 39 and 40 intersect at or near the cen tre of the sheet. The outer ends of the lines 39 and 40 may be etched upon the sheet 37 'and the intermediate portions dra-wn in ink. v

Accomodated in the sockets formed by the straps 35, and Aclamping the upper and lower edges of the sheet 37 against the curved outer edges of the members 22 and 29, are upper and'lower resilient clamping members 41 and 42. These may be formed of cane or any other ,suitable flexible lmaterial. The loops 38 retain the sheet 37 in position while the members 41 and 42 are being fitted.

Pivoted by a pivot pin 43 to the lower section 25 of each side of the holding frame, and securely held in position by a wing or finger nut 44 threaded upon the pivot pin43, is an arm 45 having a metallic resting bracket- 46. i

Disposed between either bracket 46 and the upright 16is a level carrier 47 having outstanding from each of its ends a pin 48. Mounted in the carrier 47 is a suitable adjustable spirit level 49. One of the pins 48 rests upon one of the brackets 46 and the other is accommodated in the peep hole 17, whereby by manipulating one of the adjusting nuts 44, the respective bracket is kclamped when the bubble of the level is in the middle of its run, the brackets then indicating the correct position to be occupied by the horizontal line 39.

The object of the sectional hinged sides and pivoted stays in the embodiment described is to permit of folding it compactly into a minimum of space. The upper member 15 of the eye piece support is first lowered, the lower stays 20 may then be disconnected from the base plate 7 and the upper stays 33 disconnected from the standard 10. The stays may be disconnected from the members 22 and 29 or they may be swung approximately into line therewith. The flexible clamping members 41 and 42 `are removed from the sockets formed by the pivoted straps 35. The loops are re moved from the pins 36 and the transparent flexible sheet is rolled up. The members 41 and 42 may now be replaced. The clips 31 Vare disengaged from the upper sect-ions 27 of the sides of the holding frame. The sides may now be folded inwardly at the middle to lower the upper member 29. lfVhen moving the instrumentl from short distances it may be carried by the tripod. By slackening the clamping screw 23, however, the holding frame may be removed from the base plate 7. Upon removal of the wing nuts 6 the base plate 7 may be lifted from the upper plate 4 of the turntable. It will be obvious that the standard 10 could consist of a suitable column hinged at its base whereby `it may be folded upon the base plate 7. The several elements when disconnected may be strapped together and, if desired, inserted in a suitable bag, envelope or the like.

To erect the invention the inner end of the base plate 7 is placed upon the turntable 4 and retained by the wing nuts 6.r The level of the base plate 7 may be adjusted, aproximately, by slackening the nuts 6 and turning the screws 8 after which the nuts are tightened up. The lower member 22 of the holding frame rests upon the outer end of the base plate 7 the screw 23 passing into the slot 9. The upper member 29 is lifted thereby elevating the side sections 25 and 27 to a vertical position` By engaging the clips 31 with the upper sections 27 the sides are retained in a vertical plane. The lower stays 20 are engaged with and retained by the finger screws 197 the upper stays 33 being engaged with and retained by the finger screws 34.

The theodolite head 3 is now levelled in the usual Eway t'o obtain ka vertical Aaxi's't'rfter whichv the apparatus is levelled Iby the `'splirit level 49. The pins 48 are placed one upon one ol' the brackets 46ffand 1tl'ieothe'r inthe peep hole 17.

Final adjustmentfis vmadeV byr moving the correspondinigAV "arm 4 5 and locking'the same by the wing* nut 44 thereolfwhe'n the 'bubble ot' the spirit level 49' 'is' in the 'middle "ofits run.- Each arm is adjustedin turn. When each arm '45 has been levelled withjthe pjeep hole 17 the leveliis remove'dandlthe "transparent sheet` 37 is placed in the holding' iframe.

The transparent sheet of celluloido'r the like, when itv has been rolled up is somewhat di'llicult'to Vplace in' position. Theloops 3B are therefore proyidedfand 'placed over the pins 36' to temporarilysecureztlrejsheet while the upper and lower resilient "clamp' ing` members 41 and 42 'are engaged in'the sockets formed' by thestraps 3f5; The sheet is curved in order"that'sequal divisions will representt clegfrees"of are in azimuth. It 'is firmly 'retain'edby the -m`em bersr 41 and 42. The line 'lisdi'sposed in a horizontal line with the peep'liol'e 17 and also in line with the upper edge of the levelled brackets 46'. Tire-apparatus 4is now ready for orientation. lDn' the graduated circle 3 the bearing' or' some object; whose direction hasbeen previously determined by compass orotheri'vise1 isset offlandthe in= strument isswunp; 'around until tlreipeep hole 17 landthe Vertical line 40 ofthe "sheet 37 are 'in line with theobject. The circle'B is secured by` a clamping' screw orftlrelikev common to' ar theo'dolite. The upper plate 4 is turned 'until the scopeot the countryor area to be sketched is visibile through the sheet 87.

Viewing the area' through the peep hole 17 the .landscape outline may now 'herconveniently traced with an ordinary'drawing pen in india ink. A wetted indelible'peircil may be used but is not efficient orI convenient in use 'as a drawing" penandink` lf the whole l'ield isV not irrcl'iidd. width one setting; or the instrument the'sheetf 37 may be removed, a fresh sheet inserted, andv the instrument set to View another area. 1t"

is necessary to orient the instrument `tor each fresh` sheet' asV the verticalline 40 of each sheet may not occupy ekactlytlre san'i'e position in the holdingfraine. The whole View as represented uponv the lseveral'sheets is traced olf when andasconyenientf'on a 'may be conif'eniently disposed atsii'ch a distance'from the 'upright 16 that apre-"determ'i'ne'dleng'th of the sheeteither vertically orlaterally represents one degree or arc.

Should different'radii for the curve to `which the sheet 37 is bent be desired, suitable cleats may be provided to clamp the sheet'closer to or further from the peep hole 17, such clamping 'devices carrying' sockets or straps such as those before described.

The instru-'ment may be ymounted on atripod and nsedwithouta graduated circle It is necessary 'in suc-h circumstances to certain by compass the bearing or' some prominent object in the 'field or' View at each to landscape sketching and yperspfetive Views 'of architecture; machinery and the like. The base 'plate 7, standard l0, eye piece support and the-upright '16r 'are retained in'the'or-in described with the 'exception that the 'slot '9' maybe'disp'ensed with. The holding framecomprises "ailwver member lthe outer edge of r which is straight. 'Garried by l fill themernber y51 are -two guides 52' forn'iing a i gtiidewayuinto which the outer end or the baseplate7 passes; yDisposed below-fthe guides 52 andbearing against the basefp'late 7 isv a clainpingbar'o reta-ined to vthe lo'iverlinember 5l by c-laiiiping screws Hinged at their ylower ends by hinges 5o are'ty'vo` sides 56 each having ab'racireto'. It will be seen that a block 58' 'j )rorided below 'one-side-o'in order th'atit` will over`- lap the other side when folded or lowered.

Each `side 56 rmay `be disposed backward@ from ythe outer 'edge ofthe member l in order to provide a ledge or yrest i9 for the transparent sheet hereinafter described. Upsta'nding from the outer edge oithe lower member '5l are retaining lips 159. Mounted upon'each side 56,k at ornear thefupperf end thereof. is a stop 60. Pivoted by a lpiyot pin'ol'car'ri'ed by each side 66 isa clamping'y cleat 6:2.

Restin u on the ledO'e 59'and retained by the cleats'62 is a transpareiit'sheet 63 of glass or the like having marked thereon a horizontal line 163f-and a*y yerticallline 164 intersecting" at or near the centre or the sheet. The outer ends of the lines 163 and 164 may be etched upon the sheet 63 and the intermediate portions drawn in in ink,

Sir

Pivoted by a pivot pin carried by each bracket 57, is the lower end of a link 66. rIhreaded upon each pin 65 is a wing or other finger nut 67. Pivoted by a pivot pin 68 to the upper end of each link 66 is the inner end of an arm 69. Threaded upon each pin G8 is a wing or other finger nut 70. Pivoted by a pivot 7l kto the outer end of each arm .69 is a metallic channel sectioned rest 72.

It will be seen that in the form shown in Figures 5 to 8, by. slackening the screws 54C and bar 53 the holding frame may be adjusted in relation to the upright 16 toenlarge or diminish the field of view seen through the peep hole 17. By means of the links 66 and arms 69 the level carrier 47 before described and which is of constant length may be employed regardless of the adjustment made between the plane of the peep hole and the transparent sheet.

By slackening the nuts 67 and 7 O the position of the rests 72 maybe varied to support the level carrier 47 at one end, the other end resting in the peep hole 17 as before described. When the distance between the transparent sheet 63 and the upright 16 is Such that the outer end of the carrier 47 would project beyond the said sheet 63 the nuts 70 are removed and the arms 69 are placed outside the sides 56, the nuts 70 then being replaced to function as previously. The outer ends of the arms 69 may newv project beyond the sheet 63. The pivoted rests 7 2 are usually disposed at right angles to kthe arms 69 when supporting the level carrier. The spirit level is used to level the apparatus before the sheet 623 is inserted in the holder. When the sheet 63 is being inserted the horizontal line 163 thereon is aligned with the upper edge of the rests 72 and the sheet 63 is clamped into that position by the cleats 62. The view seen through the peep hole 17 is sketched upon the glass sheet by means of an ordinary drawing pen and india ink.

What I claim asnew and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. Improvements relating to the production of landscape outline and other sketches, consisting in a base plate, an eye piece having a peep hole disposed above and supported from one end of said plate, a folding frame removably carried by said plate at its opposite end, a transparent sheet removably carried by the frame, said sheet having a vertical and a horizontal line thereon, and means embodying a level for indicating the correct position to be occupied by the horizontal line of the sheet relatively to the peep hole.

2. Improvements relating to the produ@ tion of landscape outline and other sketches,

consisting ina theodolite head, a base plate carried by said head, a rotatable folding eye piece having a peep hole carried by said base plate, a removable folding frame carried by said base plate and disposed between the subject to be drawn and the peep hole, a transparent sheet removably carried by the frame, said sheet being sub-divided by a horizontal and a vertical line, a level removably disposed between the peep hole and a support adjacent the transparent sheet, and means for adjusting the end of the level adjacent said sheet to ascertain the position to be occupied by the horizontal line rolatively to the peep hole.

3. Improvements relatingto the production of landscape outline and other sketches. consisting in an eye piece having a peep hole, a frame disposed between the peep hole and the subject to be drawn, a flexible transparent sheet uponwhich the desired` features of the subject are delineated as viewed through the peep hole, means for tem porarily holding the sheet to theframe, and means for clamping the sheet to theframe.

4. Improvements relating to the production of landscape outline and other sketches, consisting in a support, a turntable carried thereby, a base plate resting upon the turntable, a rotatable eye piece having a peep hole carried by one endy of the base plate, a folding holding frame removably carried by the other end of said base plate, means for retaining the frame rigid in relation tothe base plate, a curved transparent sheet, means for clamping the sheet to the frame, said sheet having a horizontal and a vertical line intersecting thereon, a spirit level, and adjustable means carried by the frame to support'the one end of the level adjacent said sheet and thereby ascertain the correct position for the horizontal line of the transparent sheet. y

5. In combination, a tripod, a member rotatably mounted thereon, a peep hole mountH ed on the member at the axis of rotation. and a transparent screen removably mounted on said member in concentric relation to the peep hole and formed to receive outline marking directly thereon, whereby an object observed from the peep hole through the screen and drawn on the latter will have a predetermined scale relation with the drawingon the screen.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN WIL'FRED MCGALLUM.

Witnesses:

C. HANLYN HARRIS,

HENRY K. N. MACDONNELL. 

